Opening address for the James Bagauda Kaltho Memorial Media Lecture, sponsored by the Africa Media Development Foundation (AMDF). The Lecture Series is meant to immortalize James Bagauda Kaltho, who disappeared in mysterious circumstances in 1996, because of his reporting. The first Media Lecture was held in 2019 and examined varying issues that impact on media practice in Africa, as well as its role in shaping democracy. The Second edition of the Lecture was held virtually with the theme: Press Freedom vs. Digital Surveillance: How Safe is the African Journalist.